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Colomb. med ; 50(2): 115-127, May-June 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055980

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: High blood pressure (HBP) is the main cardiovascular risk factor, it is more prevalent in the older adult population, and the prevalence can vary between ethnic groups. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of HBP, knowledge, treatment and control in population aged ≥60 years, resident in Colombia, according to their ethnic condition. Methods: Population sample selected by multistage sampling. Ethnicity was defined based on skin color. HBP was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140, and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg, and/or the participants' self-report. Controlled HBP at a blood pressure value <140/90, knowledge and treatment were identified by self-report. Results: 23,694 adults aged ≥60 years were included, of which 54.5%, 34.5% and 10.9% were respectively identified as having light, medium or dark skin color; 54.5% were women, and 78.1% resided in urban areas. The standardized prevalence of HBP, by age, was 57.7% (95% CI: 55.2-60.2); 51.4% (95% CI: 47.3-55.5), in men; and 62.9% (60.9-64.9), in women. The standardized prevalence for light, medium and dark skin in men was 53.2% (95% CI: 48.7-57.7), 49.6% (44.5-54.7), and 49.4% (95% CI: 41.0-57.8) respectively; and in women was 62.5% (95% CI: 60.5-64 , 5), 61.7% (95% CI: 57.8-65.6), and 69.9% (95% CI: 63.6-76.2) respectively. 98% of the population received treatment, and 93.9% were aware of HBP diagnosis. 42.5% of men and 55.5% of women with HBP were under control. Only 21.8% performed regular physical activity. Conclusion: Half of the adult population aged over 60 years suffers from HBP; the prevalence is higher in women particularly in dark-skinned women. It is necessary to develop policies to increase physical activity in the elderly.


Resumen Introducción: La presión arterial elevada (PAE) es el principal de factor de riesgo cardiovascular, es más prevalente en población adulta mayor y la prevalencia puede variar entre etnias. Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de PAE, conocimiento, tratamiento y control en población ≥60 años residente en Colombia de acuerdo con su condición étnica. Métodos: Muestra poblacional seleccionada mediante un muestreo multietápico. La etnia se definió con base en el color de piel. La PAE se definió como presión arterial sistólica ≥140 y/o presión arterial diastólica ≥90 mm Hg y/o el autoreporte del participante. La PAE controlada a un valor de presión arterial <140/90, el conocimiento y el tratamiento se identificaron por autoreporte. Resultados: Fueron incluidos 23,694 adultos con edad ≥ 60 años, de los cuales, 54.5%, 34.5% y 10.9% se identificaron con color de piel claro, medio u oscuro respectivamente, El 54.5%, eran mujeres y el 78.1% residía en zona urbana, La prevalencia estandarizada por edad de PAE fue 57,7% (IC 95%: 55.2-60.2), 51.4% (IC 95%: 4.3-55.5) en hombres y 62.9% (60.9-64.9) en mujeres, La prevalencia estandarizada en hombres claros, medios y oscuros fue 53.2%(IC 95%: 48.7-57.7), 49.6% (44.5-54.7) y 49.4% (IC 95%: 41.0-57.8) respectivamente y en mujeres 62.5% (IC 95%: 60.5-64.5), 61.7% (IC 95%: 57.8-65.6) y 69.9% (IC 95%: 63.6-76.2) respectivamente, El 98% de la población recibía tratamiento y el 93.9% conocía el diagnóstico de PAE, El 42.5% de los hombres y el 55.5% de las mujeres se encontraban con PAE controlada, El 21.8% realizaba actividad física regularmente. Conclusión: La mitad de la población adulta mayor a 60 años sufre PAE, mayor prevalencia en mujeres y particularmente mujeres oscuras. Se requiere desarrollar políticas para incrementar la actividad física en el adulto mayor.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Blood Pressure , Exercise/physiology , Ethnicity/statistics & numerical data , Hypertension/epidemiology , Sex Factors , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Prevalence , Surveys and Questionnaires , Age Factors , Colombia/epidemiology , Hypertension/ethnology
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